Microplastics Pollution: Global Sources, Environmental Distribution, and Impacts on Ecosystems and Human Health
Microplastics, defined as plastic particles smaller than 5 mm in diameter, have emerged as pervasive environmental contaminants of global concern. Generated through both intentional production and the fragmentation of larger plastic debris, microplastics are now detected across marine, freshwater, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments. Their persistence, physicochemical heterogeneity, and capacity to interact with biological systems raise […]
